Countries

32 European countries compared on energy prices, climate and subsidy availability.

Country	Climate	Electricity €/kWh	Gas €/kWh	HDD₁₈	Annual °C	Jan °C
AustriaAT	average	0.3272	0.1221	3309	9.7	-1.6
BelgiumBE	average	0.3499	0.0898	2934	10.4	2.6
BulgariaBG	average	0.1355	0.0648	3250	9.7	-2.3
SwitzerlandCH	average	—	—	3593	8.6	-0.8
CyprusCY	warmer	0.2774	—	819	20.0	10.6
CzechiaCZ	average	0.3217	0.0961	3540	8.9	-2.2
GermanyDE	average	0.3869	0.1223	3308	9.7	-0.7
DenmarkDK	colder	0.3312	0.1257	3447	9.0	1.1
EstoniaEE	colder	0.2303	0.0760	4474	6.2	-3.9
SpainES	warmer	0.2669	0.0955	2252	13.5	3.8
FinlandFI	colder	0.2254	—	4408	6.4	-2.9
FranceFR	average	0.2561	0.1436	2760	10.9	3.0
United KingdomGB	average	0.2203	0.0476	2898	10.4	4.1
GreeceGR	warmer	0.2378	0.0918	1153	17.9	9.2
CroatiaHR	warmer	0.1658	0.0543	2958	11.0	-0.8
HungaryHU	average	0.1082	0.0335	3061	10.8	-1.6
IrelandIE	average	0.4042	0.1300	3011	10.1	5.8
IcelandIS	colder	0.2019	—	5029	4.6	0.0
ItalyIT	warmer	0.2966	0.1481	1536	15.9	7.0
LiechtensteinLI	average	0.3062	0.1290	5024	4.5	-5.8
LithuaniaLT	colder	0.1955	0.0684	4423	6.4	-6.5
LuxembourgLU	average	0.2665	0.0891	3288	9.6	0.5
LatviaLV	colder	0.2452	0.0826	4407	6.4	-4.9
MaltaMT	warmer	0.1282	—	492	19.8	14.6
NetherlandsNL	average	0.2558	0.1719	2901	10.5	3.5
NorwayNO	colder	0.1922	—	5040	4.6	-5.9
PolandPL	average	0.2709	0.0730	3706	8.6	-4.0
PortugalPT	warmer	0.2434	0.1405	852	16.5	12.9
RomaniaRO	average	0.2893	0.0566	2735	12.3	-1.6
SwedenSE	colder	0.2711	0.2092	4242	6.9	-3.1
SloveniaSI	average	0.2121	0.0871	3315	9.4	-1.2
SlovakiaSK	average	0.1853	0.0608	3036	10.9	-1.2

Energy prices: Eurostat household band DC (2 500–4 999 kWh/yr) · Climate: NASA POWER 30-year mean at capital coordinates.